Designing a Sustainable Green Closed-Loop Supply Chain under Uncertainty and Various Capacity Levels

The ever-increasing concerns of the growth in volume waste tires and new strict government legislations to reduce environmental impact end-of-life (EOL) have increased interest among companies design a sustainable efficient closed-loop supply-chain (CLSC) network. In real world, CLSC network is subject variety uncertainties, such as random fuzzy (epistemic) uncertainties. Designing reliable environmentally cautious with consideration risks uncertainty parameters necessary for successful This study proposes tire industry, by considering several recovery options, including retreading, recycling, energy recovery. aims develop robust multi-objective, multi-product, multi-echelon, multi-cycle, multi-capacity, green under hybrid uncertainty. There are two types uncertainties associated an demand, which expressed some future scenarios according probability their occurrences, well fuzzy-based return rates, retreading recycling procurement, production costs, possibilistic distributions. order deal this uncertainty, stochastic programming approach has been proposed, proposed mixed integer model applied case industry validate model. result indicates applicability its efficiency control risk level